文本来源：佛山商务英语培训 首选爱德华国际英语

 58. 电车上十分拥挤,几乎没有立足之地. [误] The tram was so crowded that there was hardly sufficient room for you. [正] The tram was so crowded that there was scarcely sufficient room for you. 注:副词 hardly 和 scarcely 虽然都含有"几乎不"等否定含义,有些时候也可以互换,如:I could hardly/scarcely recognize her(我几乎认不出她来了),但仍有细微的差异.如在强调数量"不足"时只能用 scarcely,这时它常与 enough, sufficient等词连用.

59. 他被戴上了绿帽子. [误] He is made to wear a green hat. [正] He is a cuckold. 注:中文的"戴绿帽子"是指某人之妻与他人私通,但直译成英文西方人只会按字面意思理解为"某人头上被戴了顶绿色的帽子", 无论如何也不会理解汉语的喻义.而英语的 cuckold 是指"奸妇的丈夫"(a man whose wife deceives him by having a sexual relationship with another man),所以用 be a cuckold 才能正确表达原文的意思.

60. 我在新闻片里看到你站在总裁的身旁. [误] I saw you stand by the president in the newsreel. [正] I saw you stand beside the president in the newsreel. 注:stand by someone 的意思是"支持某人"(to support someone);to stand beside someone 才是"立于某人旁 边"(to stand by the side of someone).但是,如果 stand by 后面的宾语不是人,那倒是可以与 stand beside 互换, 表示"在...之旁",例如:Their house stands by a forest(他们的房子在森林旁边).除此之外,stand by 还有"袖手旁 观"之意,例如:How can you stand by and watch while your allies are attacked (当你们的盟友受到攻击时,你们怎 能袖手旁观呢 )

61. 那本书毫无价值可言.
[误] That book is invaluable.
[正] That book is valueless.
注:invaluable 和 valueless 一个是在形容词 valuable(有价值的)之前加上否定形容词前缀 in-;另一个是在名词 value (价值)的后面加上否定形容词 -less,但它们的意思却刚好相反.invaluable 是指"非常贵重的,无价的"(highly valuable, precious),其同义词是 priceless;valueless 的意思却是"毫无价值的",相当于 worthless.现将这两个词用在 同一个句子中,以便区别:The book that he considered valueless proved invaluable to us(他认为毫无价值的那本书 对我们来说却是无价之宝).

62. 房间里有一张床,两张桌子和五把椅子.
[误] There are one bed, two desks and five chairs in the room.
[正] There is one bed, two desks and five chairs in the room.
注:there be 句型中,be 动词的单复数取决于离它最近的那个词.原文虽然一共列举了八件家具,但是根据英语的谓语就近原 则,one bed 决定了应该使用 is.

63. 我不想听他那些空话.
[误] I don't want to hear his empty words.
[正] I don't want to hear his hollow words.
注:虽然 empty 和 hollow 都有"空洞的"之意,但表达"空话"时,英语习惯用 hollow words 或 empty talk.

64. 他是我们的死敌.
[误] He is our dead enemy.
[正] He is our deadly enemy.
注:dead 作形容词时表示"死的,无感觉的",而 deadly 才表示"致命的,不共戴天的".

65. 奥斯本名义上是个医生,但他整天都呆在股票交易所里.
[误] Osborne is a doctor by name only, but he stays in the stock exchange all day long.
[正] Osborne is a doctor in name only, but he stays in the stock exchange all day long.
注:by name 和 in name 虽然形似,但涵义却有区别.by name 相当于 by the name of,常放在专有名词之后,表示所说 的人或事物的确实名称.例如:There was a great poet in China, Qu Yuan by name(中国有个伟大的诗人,名叫屈 原).而 in name 是贬义词,表示"名义上的"或"徒有虚名".

66. 我们是不信上帝的.
[误] We do not believe God.
[正] We do not believe in God.
注:believe 和 believe in 虽然都有"相信"的意思,但表示"信仰"的时候只能用后者.

67. 你做这样的事难道不感到羞耻吗
[误] Aren't you ashamed for doing such a thing
[正] Aren't you ashamed of doing such a thing
注:be ashamed for 一般是指"对他人的行为或外在事物感到羞耻",而 be ashamed of 则是"由于自己的所作所为而感到羞 耻".

68. 车祸发生在十字路口.
[误] The accident took place at a crossroad.
[正] The accident took place at a crossroads.
注:crossroad 是"交叉路,横马路"的意思,而 crossroads 才是"十字路"或"十字路口",它前面也可以用 a,但 -s 绝不能丢 掉.

69. 要学好英语,大量的练习是必要的.
[误] To learn English well, a great deal of practice is necessary.
[正] To learn English well, one needs to have a great deal of practice.
注:英语中非谓语动词的逻辑主语要与句子的主语一致,本例句中不定式 to learn English well 的逻辑主语应该是"人",而句 子的主语却是 practice,两者不相一致,违背了英语习惯,所以必须将句子的主语改为 one,并做其它相应的调整.

文本来源：佛山商务英语培训 首选爱德华国际英语

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